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Part 12 of 15

Designing YouTube: From One Upload to a Video Anyone Can Play

A 17-year-old uploads a 2 GB cooking video over a shaky connection. By evening it has a million views, including his grandmother's, on a 2G phone. Follow it to see how a video platform accepts huge uploads, builds many playable versions, serves them from nearby caches, and counts views without a slow database.

Created 2026-09-26 · Updated 2026-10-15 · System Design

Part 13 of 15

Designing Netflix: Putting the Movie in a Box Near the Viewer

Friday, 9 pm: a hit series drops its new season and a family in Kochi presses play along with millions of others. How a streaming service keeps the cloud for decisions and puts the video bytes on cache appliances inside viewers' internet providers, stocked overnight before anyone asks.

Created 2026-09-26 · Updated 2026-10-15 · System Design

Part 14 of 15

Designing Hotstar: Live Cricket for Tens of Millions at Once

World Cup final night: a student on a cheap phone in Bihar and a family on a big TV in Pune press play at the toss, along with tens of millions of others. How a live-sports platform survives a crowd that arrives all at once: a stream for every screen, caching what can be cached, scaling in steps before the toss, and switching off extras so the video keeps playing.

Created 2026-09-26 · Updated 2026-10-15 · System Design

Part 9 of 28

Data Platforms: Batch, Streaming, CDC, and the Lakehouse

OLTP versus OLAP, batch versus stream, lambda and kappa, windowing and late data, change data capture, data lakes and warehouses, and how to keep a pipeline correct when events repeat or arrive late.

Created 2026-09-29 · Updated 2026-10-15 · System Design