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Part 1 of 5Free

System Design Starts with a Library, Not a Server

Follow one school library's reservation app from a single server to forty schools: requirements, estimation, scaling, storage choices, replication, consistency, CAP/PACELC, and the hashing tricks behind large-scale systems. Every idea arrives because a real problem forces it. Guide 1 of 5.

Created 2026-09-15 · Updated 2026-10-15 · System Design

Part 6 of 15

Designing a CDN: Put Popular Content Near Its Readers

A national e-textbook platform, results day, and one leaked answer key: how a CDN serves popular content close to readers, why the cache key is a correctness decision, and how to stop a stampede from flattening the origin.

Created 2026-09-16 · Updated 2026-10-15 · System Design

Part 7 of 15

Designing Photo Storage: From Small Files to a Large Photo Service

Sunita uploads 400 wedding photos from a train with patchy Wi-Fi. Follow them through a photo service that separates bytes from metadata, treats upload, processing and deletion as retryable workflows, and borrows one big idea from Facebook's Haystack.

Created 2026-09-16 · Updated 2026-10-15 · System Design

Part 5 of 28

Caching Deep Dive: Patterns, Invalidation, and Stampedes

Where to cache, which write pattern to use, how to evict, how to invalidate, and how to survive cache stampedes, penetration, and hot keys, with the trade-offs an interviewer expects you to name.

Created 2026-09-29 · Updated 2026-10-15 · System Design

Multi-Tenant RAG: Retrieving the Right Answer from the Right Customer

How to stop one company's documents leaking into another company's answers: tenant isolation at ingestion, retrieval, context assembly and caching, and how to choose between a shared index, namespaces and dedicated indexes.

Created 2026-10-04 · Updated 2026-10-15 · AI Solutions Architecture & AI Engineering